Acer is a large and varied genus with over 100 species, ranging from small ornamental shrubs to tall forest trees. They are best known for their distinctive lobed leaves and winged seeds, called samaras, which spin as they fall. Maples are grown for their form, their foliage, and their autumn colour — few trees match them for the range of reds, oranges, and yellows they produce. The genus includes some of the most widely planted ornamental trees in the world, as well as important native woodland trees across Europe, Asia, and North America.
Ecological Role
Maples are a good source of early nectar and pollen, which makes them valuable for bees in spring before many other trees are in flower. The samaras are eaten by birds and small mammals. Native species like field maple support a range of invertebrates, including specialist insects that feed only on Acer. In woodland, maples contribute to canopy diversity and provide food and habitat for a broad range of species. Some species are also important for sap production, most notably sugar maple in North America.